As Australia assumes the presidency of the G-20 for 2014, IFAC reiterated its call on global policymakers to refocus on regulatory convergence, and said their failure to do so is stifling business confidence, economic stability, and ambitions for a sustainable recovery.

The global financial crisis highlighted the problems created by having “uneven playing fields” for multi-national organizations. Different regulatory arrangements in different jurisdictions allowed these organizations to engage in regulatory arbitrage, but at the same time created unnecessary costs and uncertainty for them and their key stakeholders. These differences limited the type and effectiveness of responses that governments, central banks, and regulators could take to address the problems created by the crisis.

“IFAC is concerned by the growing divergence and regulatory fragmentation that is occurring and the uncertainty that it creates. We call on international coordinating organizations and forums—the G-20, IFIAR, IOSCO, FSB—to fully commit to promoting and enacting global regulatory consistency and evidence-based regulatory reform,” said Mr. Fayezul Choudhury, CEO of IFAC.

Currently, a number of jurisdictions are increasingly resorting to nation-specific responses and reforms that create the potential for uncertainty and instability—and ultimately stifle global growth—despite the fact that the G-20 has called for global convergence in a number of areas and the FSB has recognized 12 sets of internationally-accepted standards deserving of priority implementation.

“High-quality globally accepted financial reporting, auditing and ethics standards exist,” said Mr. Choudhury. “Divergent regulatory approaches risk creating considerable problems and additional compliance costs for multi-national companies and their auditors; problems and costs that IFAC believes can be eliminated if governments and regulators wholeheartedly supported the regulatory convergence agenda.”

Growing diversity in regulatory arrangements for auditing and auditor independence requirements are a prime example of where jurisdictions appear to be moving further apart, rather than converging.

Over 90 jurisdictions use or are in the process of adopting or incorporating clarified International Standards on Auditing (ISAs)^[1] into their national auditing standards, or use them as a basis for preparing national auditing standards; current proposed legislation in Europe would mandate use of clarified ISAs for statutory audits within the European Union. However, some jurisdictions unnecessarily modify standards, choose not to adopt the full set of standards, or introduce revisions to national standards before the International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board (IAASB) has finalized revisions to the relevant ISAs. These actions diminish the considerable benefits of facilitating transparency, consistency, economic growth, and financial stability that come with the global adoption and implementation of high-quality international standards, such as ISAs.

Similarly, the Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants^[2] provides a solid ethical foundation for auditors, outlines robust requirements for auditor independence, and is suitable for application around the globe. It addresses matters such as conflicts of interest, the provision of non-audit services, and the rotation of audit engagement partners. However, major jurisdictions are clearly divided in their views on auditor independence. For example, some jurisdictions adopt the prohibitions on non-audit services that exist in the Code, some jurisdictions introduce additional legislative prohibitions, and some others propose a list of “acceptable services.”

Another aspect of auditor independence where there are considerable and growing jurisdictional differences is mandatory audit firm rotation. Certain jurisdictions with major capital markets activity (e.g., the US and Canada) have considered it, and have clearly rejected it. In contrast, last month the European Parliament announced a series of legislative reforms to auditing, including mandatory audit firm rotation—with the possibility that the rotation period will differ among member states—creating even more divergence.

 Still other countries have adopted, or are proposing to adopt, some form of mandatory audit firm rotation for a particular segment of the economy—i.e., banks and financial institutions.

“Global regulatory reform should enhance financial reporting and audit quality, and a critical aspect of achieving this ambition is to advance the global regulatory convergence agenda,” said Choudhury. “Otherwise, we will have learned few lessons from the crisis and will be consigned to discussing and addressing these same issues again in the not too distant future.”

About IFAC
IFAC is the global organization for the accountancy profession dedicated to serving the public interest by strengthening the profession and contributing to the development of strong international economies. IFAC is comprised of 179 members and associates in 130 countries and jurisdictions, representing approximately 2.5 million accountants in public practice, education, government service, industry, and commerce.

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The International Federation of Accountants (IFAC), the global organization for the accountancy profession, today issued Policy Position Paper 8, Enhancing Organizational Reporting, to emphasize the importance and usefulness of reporting broad-based information beyond that which is provided in traditional financial reporting.

Enhanced organizational reporting provides a more complete view of an organization’s position, performance, and longer term potential and sustainability, and is in the public interest. It provides important information for both internal and external stakeholders to support managing and directing operations, decision making, promoting transparency, and the discharge of accountability.

“Given the high volume of responses to the recently-issued Framework from the International Integrating Reporting Council, we feel this is an important and timely topic,” said Fayez Choudhury, IFAC CEO. “We recognize that there are many organizational reporting frameworks and regulations available and being developed, and it is important to examine the relationships between these frameworks and promote global consistency and convergence.”

The accountancy profession has a history of involvement in developing and improving reporting processes and controls, and identifying and reporting key financial and other information. IFAC believes that the accountancy profession has a key role to play in enhancing organizational reporting.

About IFAC
IFAC is the global organization for the accountancy profession dedicated to serving the public interest by strengthening the profession and contributing to the development of strong international economies. IFAC is comprised of 173 members and associates in 129 countries and jurisdictions, representing approximately 2.5 million accountants in public practice, education, government service, industry, and commerce.

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IFAC offers a number of recommendations for consideration at the G-20 Leaders’ Summit on September 5-6, 2013 in St. Petersburg, Russia.

IFAC welcomes the opportunity to comment on the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) consultative document, External audit of banks. IFAC recognizes the importance of high-quality auditing and acts to promote and enhance audit quality around the globe. This includes supporting the development, adoption, and implementation of high quality, internationally accepted auditing and quality control standards; promoting the need for global regulatory convergence; and supporting the development of strong professional accountancy organizations and accountancy firms.

More than 150 attendees from 14 ASEAN and other nations gathered this week at a symposium, ASEAN Capital Markets—The Importance of a Strong Financial Reporting Environment, to discuss strategies for building investor confidence through a strong financial reporting infrastructure that supports the integrity of the ASEAN capital markets.

The event was organized by the Global Public Policy Committee (GPPC) and the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC), and supported by the Institute of Certified Public Accountants of Singapore (ICPAS), US-ASEAN Business Council (USABC), and Asian Corporate Governance Association (ACGA).

The symposium was opened by Mrs. Josephine Teo, Minister of State, Singapore Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Transport. Attendees included senior government officials and policy makers, senior company executives, company directors and audit committee members, investors, audit regulators, and leaders of the accounting and auditing profession.

The moderated panel discussions included: “Setting the Scene: The ASEAN Community and its Capital Markets,” “A Strong Financial Reporting Infrastructure: Vital for a Growing Economy and Strong Capital Market,” “The Future of Audit,” “Independent Oversight of Auditors,” and “Corporate Governance in the ASEAN Region.” An overriding theme was the importance of high-quality financial reporting, which is essential for investor confidence and economic growth.

“The discussions today highlighted the important contributions of all participants in the financial reporting supply chain to the quality of financial information,” said IFAC President Warren Allen. “It is essential that all participants—including companies, the accounting and auditing profession, and the regulatory community—embrace a process of continuous improvement.”

Economic integration is one of the key strategic goals of ASEAN. At the 22nd ASEAN Summit in Brunei in April, the formation of the ASEAN Economic Community by 2015 was highlighted as an important goal—and one that is expected to increase opportunities for ASEAN member states to prosper.

“Today's symposium provides an important platform for the profession and other stakeholders to exchange views on the particular financial reporting challenges and opportunities here in the ASEAN region,” noted Beth Brooke, Global Vice Chair of Public Policy, Ernst & Young. “This ASEAN perspective and voice is vital to the global debate on how best to promote investor confidence in financial reporting and audit.”

“As the national accountancy body, ICPAS is pleased to have worked with IFAC and the GPPC to organize this symposium and bring various stakeholders from ASEAN and further afield to Singapore. The symposium’s topics on building a strong financial reporting infrastructure, raising audit quality, and promoting corporate governance are aligned with our Institute’s goals to advance and promote the accountancy profession. In particular, the discussion on financial reporting ecosystems provided valuable ideas on how the various stakeholders can establish stronger integrated ASEAN capital markets,” said Dr Ernest Kan, President of ICPAS.

“ACGA was happy to support the ASEAN Capital Markets Symposium,” said Jamie Allen, Secretary General. “Robust auditing, financial reporting, and corporate governance standards go hand in hand and are important for ASEAN economic integration.”

USABC Vice President Marc Mealy noted, “The USABC is pleased to be part of this initiative by the accounting profession to support ASEAN's efforts to become more of a global investment asset class by strengthening its regional financial reporting and corporate governance benchmarks and standards.”

About IFAC
IFAC is the global organization for the accountancy profession dedicated to serving the public interest by strengthening the profession and contributing to the development of strong international economies. IFAC is comprised of 172 members and associates in 129 countries and jurisdictions, representing approximately 2.5 million accountants in public practice, education, government service, industry, and commerce.

About the GPPC
The GPPC is the global forum from the six largest international accounting networks: BDO, Deloitte, Ernst & Young, Grant Thornton, KPMG and PwC.  Its public interest objective is to enhance quality in auditing and financial reporting.

About the Institute of Certified Public Accountants of Singapore
Established in 1963, Institute of Certified Public Accountants of Singapore (ICPAS) is the national accountancy body that develops, supports and enhances the integrity, status and interests of the profession.

The Certified Public Accountant Singapore (CPA Singapore) is a professional in accountancy, finance and business distinguished by their technical expertise, integrity and professionalism, in addition to a recognised accountancy qualification and relevant work experience. CPAs Singapore serve every corner of the world in every industry. Many of them helm some of the most prominent local and international corporations.

ICPAS accords the CPA Singapore designation. Working closely alongside businesses, ICPAS connects its membership to an unmatched range of information resources, events, professional development and networking opportunities. Presently, there are more than 26,000 members making their strides in businesses across all industries in Singapore and around the world.

ICPAS’ international outlook and connections are reflected in its membership of regional and international professional organisations like the ASEAN Federation of Accountants (AFA), the Asia-Oceania Tax Consultants’ Association (AOTCA), the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) and International Innovation Network (IIN).

IFAC recognizes the importance of high-quality auditing and acts to promote and enhance audit quality around the globe, including supporting the development, adoption, and implementation of high-quality, internationally accepted auditing and quality control standards, promoting the need for global regulatory convergence, and supporting the development of strong professional accountancy organizations and accountancy firms.

IFAC recognizes the important role that a well-functioning audit committee plays in governance, risk management, and internal control arrangements for a wide range of different entities. In particular, the outcomes of the global financial crisis, and the responses to it, have highlighted that appropriately structured and well-operated audit committees promote good governance and financial reporting practices within organizations, and improve the quality of reported financial (and potentially, non-financial) information.

The International Federation of Accountants today praised the G-20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors for addressing government borrowing and public debt sustainability at their recent meeting. It also applauded the European Commission (EC) report, issued this week, which called for “harmonized public sector accruals-based accounting standards” as a tool to build trust and financial stability.

IFAC CEO Fayez Choudhury said the two actions “provided an important impetus for transparent, comprehensive, reliable, and comparable public sector financial reporting.”

The G-20 recap and communiqué state that “(i)n pursuit of our goal of strengthening the public sector balance sheet, work is needed to better assess risks to public debt sustainability. This includes, inter alia, taking into account country-specific circumstances, looking at transparency and comparability of public sector reporting, and monitoring the impact of financial sector vulnerabilities on public debt.” It calls on the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank to further explore the issue and provide updates. Prior to the G-20 meeting, outgoing IFAC CEO Ian Ball addressed “The G-20 Agenda under the Russian Chairmanship,” organized by the Institute of International Finance and the Russian Federation Ministry of Finance, where he called on Russia to use its G-20 Presidency to strengthen global financial stability by supporting adoption and implementation of International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSASs).

The EC report states that “(t)he sovereign debt crisis has underlined the need for governments to clearly demonstrate their financial stability and for more rigorous and more transparent reporting of fiscal data.” It underscores the need for international comparability, as well as governments’ public interest obligation to owners of government debt securities, potential investors, citizens, and other stakeholders, to provide timely, reliable, and comparable information on their financial performance and position, in the same way that listed companies have obligations to equity market participants.

In addition, it recognizes IPSASs as the only internationally recognized set of public-sector accounting standards, and their foundation in the International Financial Reporting Standards, which are widely applied by the private sector.

“While there has been some progress on reforming public sector financial management and adopting accrual accounting and IPSASs, we need to quicken the pace of change,” Choudhury said. “IFAC’s efforts are strengthened when global organizations like the G-20, EC, IMF, and World Bank show leadership in this area.” 

About IFAC
IFAC is the global organization for the accountancy profession, dedicated to serving the public interest by strengthening the profession and contributing to the development of strong international economies. It is comprised of 173 members and associates in 129 countries and jurisdictions, representing approximately 2.5 million accountants in public practice, education, government service, industry, and commerce.

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Presenting at “The G-20 Agenda Under the Russian Chairmanship,” a high-level public-private sector conference organized by the Institute of International Finance in partnership with the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation, International Federation of Accountants Outgoing CEO Ian Ball called on Russia to use its G-20 Presidency to strengthen global financial stability by supporting adoption and implementation of International Public Sector Reporting Standards (IPSASs).

In particular, Ball called on the Russian Presidency to:

• Create a better understanding of the need to significantly enhance the quality of accounting by governments;
• Urge the Financial Stability Board (FSB) to adopt IPSASs as one of the core sets of standards; and
• Direct the FSB to research the effectiveness of different institutional arrangements for fiscal management and governance.

As early as 2007, IFAC stated that it “is concerned that the standards and regulations governing sovereign issuers are not of sufficient quality to protect investors and ensure the stability of capital markets.” Consistent with its past submissions to the G-20, IFAC calls for urgent research and action to address this critical, but neglected, component of the international financial system. The G-20 should actively encourage the adoption of accrual-based accounting and budgeting by governments and public sector institutions, which will promote greater transparency and accountability in public sector finances and allow for monitoring of government debt and liabilities for their true economic implications.

About IFAC
IFAC is the global organization for the accountancy profession dedicated to serving the public interest by strengthening the profession and contributing to the development of strong international economies. IFAC is comprised of 173 members and associates in 129 countries and jurisdictions, representing approximately 2.5 million accountants in public practice, education, government service, industry, and commerce.

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