Sustainability and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) assurance are a prominent addition to the new work plan and will see increased time and resourcing for 2022–2023. The new Work Plan also highlights candidate topics in the Audit and Review space (e.g., responding to assessed risks of material misstatement and the impact of technology on various standards) that will be considered for a further project to begin in 2023. A key focus will remain the progression and completion of projects underway at the start of 2022, including audits of financial statements of less complex entities, audit evidence, going concern and fraud.
The International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) today released a new resource, Auditing Accounting Estimates: ISA 540 (Revised) Implementation Tool. It will help auditors implement the International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board’s International Standard on Auditing 540 (Revised), Auditing Accounting Estimates and Related Disclosures by providing an overview of steps practitioners could take and related considerations.
For entities of all types and sizes, management has to make accounting estimates, which have estimation uncertainty and may also be complex. Making these estimates involves selecting and applying a method using assumptions and data, which requires judgment. The nature, timing and extent of the audit procedures required will vary in relation to the estimation uncertainty and the assessment of the related risks of material misstatement.
This implementation tool contains “what”, “why” and “how” suggestions. These are not all-encompassing and more or different considerations may apply depending on the circumstances of the engagement. The implementation tool also works in conjunction with the IAASB’s previously published ISA 540 (Revised) flowcharts showing the requirements flow. The choice of specific procedures an auditor decides to perform to meet the requirements of ISA 540 (Revised) and other relevant ISAs is a matter of professional judgement. This implementation tool does not replace the need to read ISA 540 (Revised), including its application and other explanatory material.
The publication is based on the Chartered Professional Accountants of Canada (CPA Canada) Implementation Tool and supports efforts to improve audit quality globally and, more broadly, international standards’ adoption and implementation. Additional guidance and resources are available on the dedicated Supporting International Standards section of the IFAC Knowledge Gateway.
About IFAC IFAC is the global organization for the accountancy profession dedicated to serving the public interest by strengthening the profession and contributing to the development of strong international economies. IFAC is comprised of 180 members and associates in 135 countries and jurisdictions, representing more than 3 million accountants in public practice, education, government service, industry, and commerce.
New Resource Helps Implement International Standard on Auditing Accounting Estimates
As the global voice of the accountancy profession, IFAC has supported the establishment of the International Sustainability Standards Board (ISSB) to develop a comprehensive global baseline of sustainability disclosures for investors and capital markets, endorsed by IOSCO and implemented around the world. This will lead the way to a harmonized, global system of consistent, comparable, reliable, and assurable information.
Now, two new proposed standards from the ISSB address the urgency of the climate crisis and chart a course for companies and policymakers to transition to ISSB Sustainability Disclosure Standards as they become available. Importantly, they build upon TCFD recommendations and SASB Standards, in addition to the work of the Climate Disclosure Standards Board, the International Accounting Standards Board, the Value Reporting Foundation, and the World Economic Forum.
IFAC CEO Kevin Dancey said, “Alignment among various sustainability-related initiatives is important, so we strongly support the ISSB’s continued work with international organizations and jurisdictions so that these global baseline proposals can be incorporated into jurisdictional requirements and be compatible with disclosures that address broader stakeholder sustainability information needs. Following an inclusive and transparent due process, consistent with that of the IASB, will drive confidence and acceptance around the world.”
IFAC will be responding and encourages members of the accountancy profession to contribute their expertise and feedback by 29 July 2022 on these two proposals, as well as related jurisdiction-specific initiatives, so that global alignment and interoperability, connectivity to financial information, and the assurability of sustainability disclosures is achieved.
About IFAC
IFAC is the global organization for the accountancy profession dedicated to serving the public interest by strengthening the profession and contributing to the development of strong international economies. IFAC is comprised of 180 members and associates in 135 countries and jurisdictions, representing more than 3 million accountants in public practice, education, government service, industry, and commerce.
Encourages global accountancy profession to provide feedback
The International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board® (IPSASB®) has today released for comment Exposure Draft (ED) 82, Retirement Benefit Plans. This ED is intended to increase the transparency and accountability of public sector entities regarding multi-employer retirement benefit obligations. Stakeholder comments on ED 82 are sought by August 1, 2022.
“Retirement benefit obligations can represent a significant but often hidden liability for the public sector,” said IPSASB Chair Ian Carruthers. “The draft Standard requires public sector employee retirement benefit plans to provide a complete view of their financial activities, assets and obligations. This increased transparency is intended to result in stronger public financial management and better-informed decision making.”
In developing principles for the public sector, the private sector requirements in IAS 26 were used as the starting point. The IPSASB adapted IAS 26, based on experience from around the world, to ensure the unique characteristics of the public sector are reflected in the ED. In particular, it has reviewed the existing policy choices available in IAS 26 and proposes to remove those that are not appropriate for the public sector or are inconsistent with existing IPSAS.
Comments will be reviewed and discussed by the IPSASB alongside other feedback to help shape the final International Public Sector Accounting Standard (IPSAS™) related to Retirement Benefit Plans.
How to Comment To access the Exposure Draft, its summary At-a-Glance document, and the Request for Information or to submit a comment, visit the IPSASB website. Comments are requested by August 1, 2022. The IPSASB encourages IFAC members, associates, and Network Partners to promote the availability of this Consultation Paper to their members and employees.
About the IPSASB The International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board (IPSASB) works to strengthen public financial management globally through developing and maintaining accrual-based International Public Sector Accounting Standards® (IPSAS®) and other high-quality financial reporting guidance for use by governments and other public sector entities. It also raises awareness of IPSAS and the benefits of accrual adoption. The Board receives support from the Asian Development Bank, the Chartered Professional Accountants of Canada, the New Zealand External Reporting Board, and the governments of Canada and New Zealand. The structures and processes that support the operations of the IPSASB are facilitated by the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC). For copyright, trademark, and permissions information, please go to permissions or contact permissions@ifac.org.
About the Public Interest Committee The governance and standard-setting activities of the IPSASB are overseen by the Public Interest Committee (PIC), to ensure that they follow due process and reflect the public interest. The PIC is comprised of individuals with expertise in public sector or financial reporting, and professional engagement in organizations that have an interest in promoting high-quality and internationally comparable financial information.
Stakeholder comments on Exposure Draft (ED) 82 Sought by August 1, 2022
The International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board® (IPSASB®) has issued Exposure Draft (ED) 82, Retirement Benefit Plans.
The objective of this ED is to propose the accounting, presentation, and disclosure requirements for the financial statements of a retirement benefit plan. This should increase the transparency and accountability of public sector entities regarding obligations owed to public sector employees and other eligible participants who are members of the retirement benefit plan, and of any deficit in the plan.
This implementation tool contains “what”, “why” and “how” suggestions. These are not all-encompassing and more or different considerations may apply depending on the circumstances of the engagement.
The IPSASB held its first meeting of the year in New York on March 21-25, 2022.
Sustainability Reporting
The IPSASB approved its global consultation on developing a sustainability reporting framework for the public sector. The IPSASB plans to launch this pivotal consultation in early May, alongside its Natural Resources Consultation Paper and the IPSASB Mid-Period Work Program Consultation Feedback Statement.
Advancing public sector sustainability reporting is both important and urgent. The IPSASB is pleased to be able to lead the debate. Watch this space for launch details and how to get involved.
Mid-Period Work Program Consultation
The IPSASB agreed to add new projects to its 2022 work program:
Presentation of Financial Statements; Differential Reporting;
Reporting Sustainability Program Information; and
Advancing Public Sector Sustainability Reporting Consultation Paper.
As resources become available in 2022, work on the above projects will commence.
The landscape for IPSASB’s work has changed since the Mid-Period Consultation was published, resulting in fewer resources being available than originally anticipated. The IPSASB will continue to monitor work program progress and resource availability in 2023, to look for opportunities to commence work on the limited scope projects proposed in the Mid-Period Consultation, which were strongly supported by constituents.
Natural Resources
The IPSASB approved the Consultation Paper, Natural Resources, which will be published in May 2022, and will be open for comment until October2022. The Consultation Paper includes the IPSASB’s preliminary views on issues related to the recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure ofnatural resources, usingexamples of subsoil resources, water, and living resources.
The IPSASB approved the project roadmap, including issuing an Exposure Draft as the next output for this project. The IPSASB also decided to analyze the arrangements from the perspectives of both:
Parties to the arrangements; and
The consolidated financial statements and separate financial statements.
The IPSASB plans to discuss concessionary leases and leases for zero or nominal consideration at the June meeting.
Revenue and Transfer Expenses
The IPSASB agreed to use the term ‘compliance obligation’to describe an entity’s legally binding obligation arising from revenue transaction with a binding arrangement. The IPSASB furtherdiscussed the implications of internal and external factors on the subsequent measurement of assets arising from binding arrangements. The IPSASB also continued discussing principles related to transfer expenses accounting, focusing on the timing and recognitionof transfer expenses in transactions with binding arrangements, and the allocation of consideration to the transferor’s transfer rights.
Measurement
The IPSASB performed a detailedreview of the responses to ED 77, Measurement. Respondents strongly supported most of the ED proposals. The IPSASB agreed to move forward with the proposals related to Fair Value and Cost of Fulfillment, and thatdisclosure requirements should be included in the relevant IPSAS. The proposed principles related to historical cost and the measurement model policy choice are areas where further clarification is needed.
Conceptual Framework-Phase I
The IPSASB reviewed responses to ED 76, Conceptual Framework Update: Chapter 7, Measurement of Assets and Liabilities in Financial Statements. The IPSASB decided to retain the three-level classification proposed in ED 76. However, the term ‘Subsequent Measurement Framework’will be adopted rather than ‘Measurement Hierarchy’.
The IPSASB decided to include fair value as defined in ED 76 and to delete market value. The IPSASB instructed staff to further analyze the case for deletionof net selling price, cost of release and assumption price.
Non-Current Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations
The IPSASB approved IPSAS 44, Non-current Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations with an effective date of January 1, 2025. IPSAS 44 aligns with IFRS 5, Non-current Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations and provides the accounting requirements for assets held for sale and provides presentation and disclosure requirements for discontinued operations. IPSAS 44 is expected to be published in May 2022.
ISS Update
The IPSASB discussed the work done by the statistical community in updating the International Statistical Standards(ISS) and the IPSASB’s role in that process. The IPSASB also reviewed the new IPSAS-ISS Alignment Dashboard, which will be a standing agenda item for future meetings and captures the IPSASB’s long standing work to reduce unnecessary differences with statistical standards to make IPSAS information useful for statistical compilation purposes. The IPSASB discussed the importance of IPSAS-ISS alignment from both conceptual and practical perspectives.
Next Meeting
The next full meeting of the IPSASB will take place in June 2022. For more information, or to register as an observer, visit the IPSASB website (www.ipsasb.org).
IFAC's Financial Statements are prepared in accordance with International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) and include an independent auditor’s report.
And Conforming and Consequential Amendments to Other International Standards Arising from ISA 600 (Revised)
ISA 600 (Revised) deals with special considerations that apply to a group audit, including when component auditors are involved. The standard includes new and revised requirements and application material that better aligns the standard with recently revised standards, such as International Standard on Quality Management 1 and International Standards on Auditing 220 (Revised) and ISA 315 (Revised 2019).
