The IPSASB approved its Mid-Period Work Program Consultation. This consultation seeks constituent feedback on which projects the IPSASB should prioritize as its resources become available. The IPSASB will hold several regional virtual outreach events during the consultation period to directly engage with constituents.
The consultation is expected to be published in July 2021 with a 4-month comment period. Watch for the consultation for the full details on the IPSASB’s proposals.
Improvements to IPSAS 2021
The IPSASB approved Exposure Draft (ED) 80, Improvements to IPSAS, 2021, which includes both general improvements and IFRS related improvements to IPSAS. General improvements consist of proposals for minor amendments to IPSAS identified by stakeholders. IFRS related improvements consist of proposals for minor amendments to IPSAS sourced from recent IFRS improvements and narrow scope amendment projects.
ED 80 is expected to be published in July 2021 with a 60-day comment period.
Natural Resources
The IPSASB reviewed the draft Consultation Paper (CP) and considered the general description of natural resources. The IPSASB discussions focused on the overall approach to determining the recognition, measurement, and disclosure of items which fit into this general description of natural resources, and those that do not, as well as how the description relates to the specific topics included in the CP. The IPSASB also discussed the description, recognition, measurement, and disclosure of water.
Revenue and Transfer Expenses
The IPSASB continued its discussions on Revenue and Transfer Expenses topics identified during its review of responses to the Exposure Drafts. Based on discussions, the IPSASB decided to retain the current definition of a binding arrangement, with minor revisions, and clarified specific considerations when assessing enforceability of a binding arrangement. The IPSASB also discussed the definition of a liability in the context of the ongoing projects.
Amendments to IPSAS 5, Borrowing Costs (Non-Authoritative Guidance)
The IPSASB approved IPSAS 5, Borrowing Costs – Non-Authoritative Guidance, which reaffirms the IPSASB’s decision to maintain the accounting policy choice to capitalize or expense borrowing costs directly attributable to a qualifying asset. The non-authoritative guidance added includes implementation guidance and illustrative examples to clarify how to determine the extent to which borrowing costs can be capitalized.
The main issues discussed related to prudence and materiality. The IPSASB decided not to adopt prudence as a separate qualitative characteristic (QC). Prudence will be discussed as a reinforcement of neutrality in the context of the QC of faithful representation.
The IPSASB also decided to add obscuring information to omitting and misstating information as factors that can influence the objectives of financial reporting - discharging accountability and decision making. Obscuring information by, for example, including immaterial disclosures can impair understandability.
Accounting and Reporting by Retirement Benefit Plans
The IPSASB decided the scope and the concept of a reporting entity in the Accounting and Reporting by Retirement Benefit Plans ED should be consistent with IAS 26, Accounting and Reporting by Retirement Benefit Plans. The IPSASB also decided the ED should require retirement benefit plans to prepare a statement of financial position, a statement of change in net assets available for benefits, a cash flow statement, notes to the financial statements and information on the changes of pension obligations.
Next Meeting
The next full-meeting of the IPSASB will take place virtually in September, 2021. For more information, or to register as an observer, visit the IPSASB website (www.ipsasb.org)
In 2025, governments in 50% of jurisdictions will report on an accrual basis, according to a report released today by the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) and the Chartered Institute of Public Finance and Accountancy (CIPFA). The report was drawn from the International Public Sector Financial Accountability Index, which captures current and future use of public financial reporting bases and frameworks by governments around the world.
The 2021 Index Status Report, which captures information from 165 jurisdictions, finds that while 30% of their governments reported on an accrual basis in 2020 (an increase of 6% since 2018), 50% will report on accrual by the end of 2025. Africa, Asia, and Latin America and the Caribbean will lead the projected increase in accrual adoption over the coming five years.
By providing a comprehensive view of government finances, accrual reporting helps ensure that expenditure of public funds is transparent, public officials are held accountable, and future liabilities are recognized officially and planned for properly. With governments under more financial strain than ever following the huge levels of pandemic-related expenditure, understanding the overall picture and making the best use of the remaining resources is crucial to long-term recovery. In addition to the support of regional and international organizations, effective implementation of accrual accounting relies on the skills of public sector accountants to interpret the richer, more comprehensive data; as more governments move to accrual, the need for need for public sector accountants will increase correspondingly.
“Accrual-based accounting is essential in helping governments mitigate corruption, improve trust and transparency, and deliver desired outcomes that their communities deserve and need in the post-pandemic world,” said Rob Whiteman, Chief Executive of CIPFA.
Public financial reporting frameworks are developed in various ways, with many using International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS). IPSAS provide high quality financial reporting guidance for governments and other public bodies around the world, in order to improve their consistency and transparency. 57% of governments that reported on an accrual basis in 2020 used IPSAS directly, indirectly, or as a reference point. By the end of 2025, nearly three-quarters (73%) of governments that report on accrual will use IPSAS in one of these three ways.
“This continuing shift from cash to accrual reporting in the public sector, and increased usage of IPSAS in particular, will be crucial to governments globally in making the tough choices they face following the pandemic. Professional accountants have a critical role to play in delivering the full potential benefits for citizens worldwide in terms of decision making, transparency, and accountability,” said Kevin Dancey, IFAC CEO.
IFAC and CIPFA plan to expand the Index progressively in terms of both coverage and information depth and provide periodic status reports throughout this crucial uptake period for accrual financial reporting globally.
IFAC is the global organization for the accountancy profession dedicated to serving the public interest by strengthening the profession and contributing to the development of strong international economies. IFAC is comprised of more than 175 members and associates in more than 130 countries and jurisdictions, representing almost 3 million accountants in public practice, education, government service, industry, and commerce.
About CIPFA
CIPFA, the Chartered Institute of Public Finance and Accountancy, is the professional body for people in public finance. CIPFA shows the way in public finance globally, standing up for sound public financial management and good governance around the world as the leading commentator on managing and accounting for public money.
Joint report by IFAC and CIPFA forecasts 50% of jurisdictions globally will report on an accrual basis by 2025
Across the globe momentum is building for sustainability reporting and assurance in the public sector. The IPSASB decided to move forward with the development of public sector specific sustainability reporting standards beginning with a Climate-Related Disclosures standard. Finance and audit professionals working in government, public sector bodies and supreme audit institutions – Auditors-General’s offices, Courts of Accounts and similar (SAIs) – can demonstrate leadership on this agenda, driving action to progress transparent reporting and assurance of expenditure and actions to address sustainability challenges.
At the World Investment Forum in Abu Dhabi on 16th October three global bodies, ACCA, IFAC and IDI launched a summary of their forthcoming introduction to sustainability and assurance in the public sector.
Based on their ongoing work and recent global roundtables with public sector reporting and auditing experts, the report makes the case for a focus on the principle of sustainable development: "meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own need." It outlines what sustainability reporting and assurance mean for the public sector, why they are important, and key principles for governments, SAIs and other public sector bodies to consider in this journey.
Speaking at the ACCA/UN symposium on developing public sector sustainability reporting, Maggie McGhee, Executive director for Strategy and Governance at ACCA said, "A sustainable future for all is a primary concern across government activity. At the same time governments play a critical role in establishing good governance: the institutional, policy and regulatory frameworks in which society operates. So governments and other public sector bodies need to be able to measure and report on how their policies and expenditure are addressing sustainability challenges."
Laura Leka, Principal and public sector lead at IFAC said, "Policymakers and other stakeholders, including the public, need information to understand the sector’s impact on sustainable development. It’s important that sustainability reporting provides disclosures that are high-quality, decision-useful, and prepared in accordance with internationally recognized reporting and disclosure standards."
As sustainability reporting develops, independent external assurance will become increasingly necessary to build trust in the information being disclosed. Roundtable participants saw SAIs taking the lead, building on their experience auditing progress towards sustainable development.
Archana Shirsat, Deputy Director General at IDI, said, "SAIs have a central role to play in providing independent and objective oversight on sustainability information generated by the public sector. Determining appropriate forms of assurance or confidence, engaging with stakeholders and developing auditor competencies to audit sustainability information is important to build public trust."
We are ACCA (the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants), a globally recognised professional accountancy body providing qualifications and advancing standards in accountancy worldwide.
Founded in 1904 to widen access to the accountancy profession, we’ve long championed inclusion and today proudly support a diverse community of over 247,000 members and 526,000 future members in 181 countries.
Our forward-looking qualifications, continuous learning and insights are respected and valued by employers in every sector. They equip individuals with the business and finance expertise and ethical judgment to create, protect, and report the sustainable value delivered by organisations and economies.
Guided by our purpose and values, our vision is to develop the accountancy profession the world needs. Partnering with policymakers, standard setters, the donor community, educators and other accountancy bodies, we’re strengthening and building a profession that drives a sustainable future for all.
The INTOSAI Development Initiative (IDI) is an autonomous implementing body that is not-for-profit. Its mandate is to provide support to Supreme Audit Institutions (SAIs) in developing countries to enhance their performance and capacity in a sustainable manner. The work done by IDI is based on the needs and challenges experienced by SAIs. The support provided is focused on a needs-based and sustainable approach. IDI seeks to empower SAIs by promoting gender-responsiveness and peer-to-peer cooperation as essential elements of long-term capacity development.
In each country, there is a Supreme Audit Institution that is tasked with auditing public funds to ensure that it is an effective, accountable, and inclusive institution. IDI is convinced that its contribution to strengthening Supreme Audit Institutions can make a difference in the lives of citizens for several reasons. Firstly, government audits are key components of effective public financial management and good governance. Secondly, SAIs contribute to the quality of government engagement and better state-society relations through their work. Lastly, SAIs are key stakeholders in supporting the implementation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
IFAC is the global organization for the accountancy profession dedicated to serving the public interest by strengthening the profession and contributing to the development of strong international economies. IFAC is comprised of 180 members and associates in more than 135 jurisdictions, representing millions of professional accountants in public practice, education, government service, industry, and commerce.
A Case Study on SAICA's Activities in the Public Sector
Given the scale and complexity of public finances, competing demands on public resources, and the need for transparency and accountability for the management of public funds, the demand for finance and accounting professionals is high.
Today, the International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board® (IPSASB®) has issued Improvements to IPSAS, 2021. The pronouncement was approved by the IPSASB in December 2021.
Improvements to IPSAS, 2021 includes minor improvements to IPSAS to address issues raised by stakeholders and minor amendments sourced from recent IFRS improvements and narrow scope projects.
About the IPSASB The International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board (IPSASB) works to strengthen public financial management globally through developing and maintaining accrual-based International Public Sector Accounting Standards® (IPSAS®) and other high-quality financial reporting guidance for use by governments and other public sector entities. It also raises awareness of IPSAS and the benefits of accrual adoption. The Board receives support from the Asian Development Bank, the Chartered Professional Accountants of Canada, the New Zealand External Reporting Board, and the governments of Canada and New Zealand. The structures and processes that support the operations of the IPSASB are facilitated by the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC). For copyright, trademark, and permissions information, please go to permissions or contact permissions@ifac.org.
About the Public Interest Committee The governance and standard-setting activities of the IPSASB are overseen by the Public Interest Committee (PIC), to ensure that they follow due process and reflect the public interest. The PIC is comprised of individuals with expertise in public sector or financial reporting, and professional engagement in organizations that have an interest in promoting high-quality and internationally comparable financial information.
